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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In "Tellus Stabilita, 95-122," Hadrian regrets that he must fire a friend. He says that he sometimes counts which individual among his human victims?

2. According to "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 29-49," how is Aelius Hadrianus Afer related to Hadrian?

3. When Hadrian is sent to the first Sarmatian war with the title of governor of Pannonia, how long does the conflict last?

4. For what action is Hadrian reproached shortly after his marriage has taken place?

5. At the close of "Animula Vagula Blandula," Hadrian says that when philosophers have nothing more to tell us it is excusable to turn to which of the following?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the major political event in Rome that occurs toward the end of "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 29-49."

2. After discussing Trajan's plans for the army, why does Hadrian say he likes dealing with the barbarians?

3. Explain Hadrian's thoughts on building, as discussed in "Tellus Stabilita, 122-149."

4. As Hadrian begins to question Trajan's military policy, what reason does he give for Trajan's obsession with war?

5. When discussing his early education, how does Hadrian say he feels about Greek?

6. In "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 49-69," what happens to Hadrian's young mistress who is in love with a dancer?

7. What does Hadrian admit in "Tellus Stabilita, 122-149" about his feelings on belonging?

8. While talking about his medical limitations, what two things does Hadrian indicate he misses most?

9. According to "Animula Vagula Blandula," what kind of diet does Hadrian prefer, and how does that differ from the common Roman diet?

10. What type of courage would Hadrian like to possess, as discussed in "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 49-69"?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast Hadrian's ruling style with that of Trajan, Nerva, and Domitian. Include supporting information from the text and outside research as necessary.

Essay Topic 2

Hadrian says that Rome is the embodiment of Greek ideals. Compare and contrast his view of Rome with that of Greece. Include all relevant supporting information from the book.

Essay Topic 3

Based on his actions and discussions with others, what sort of job expectations does Hadrian see for himself as emperor? Discuss three major aspects of Hadrian's ruling philosophy and how each impacts the Roman Empire. Include supporting information from the book.

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