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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. As Hadrian continues to discuss old age, sickness, and death, he comments that which of the following basic joys is deserting him?

2. Readers learn in Hadrian's discussion of his self-observation that he is almost how old?

3. According to "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 29-49," which of the following individuals is currently emperor of Rome?

4. What animal is sacrificed as part of the ritual when Hadrian is initiated into the religious cult?

5. In "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 49-69," which of the following individuals is Trajan's wife who persuades him to let Hadrian write his speeches?

Short Essay Questions

1. As "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 69-92" opens, what is Hadrian's view of Trajan's wars?

2. What is Trajan's opinion of Hadrian after the death of Domitian and during Hadrian's early military career?

3. Describe Marullinus, Hadrian's grandfather, as discussed in "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 29-49."

4. After discussing Trajan's plans for the army, why does Hadrian say he likes dealing with the barbarians?

5. As Hadrian speaks of his age and condition, why does he lament that he is losing sleep and refer to it as a joy?

6. What does Hadrian admit in "Tellus Stabilita, 122-149" about his feelings on belonging?

7. How does the first Sarmatian war change Hadrian?

8. When discussing his early education, how does Hadrian say he feels about Greek?

9. In "Varius Multiplex Multiformis, 29-49," how does Hadrian recount the downfall of Domitian?

10. Describe what happens to Hadrian when he rides to take news of Domitian's death to his cousin Trajan.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Analyze and discuss Iollas' decision to commit suicide himself rather than help Hadrian do so. Why does one action violate the Hippocratic oath while the other does not? Include supporting information from the text and outside research as necessary.

Essay Topic 2

Based on his actions and discussions with others, what sort of job expectations does Hadrian see for himself as emperor? Discuss three major aspects of Hadrian's ruling philosophy and how each impacts the Roman Empire. Include supporting information from the book.

Essay Topic 3

Compare and contrast Hadrian's education with that of other Roman citizens during this period in history. Be sure to include supporting information from the text and outside research as necessary.

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