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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Aristotle argued that social conflict occurred because of what reason?
(a) Fate.
(b) Varying levels of intelligence.
(c) Economic and social inequality.
(d) Differing beliefs among people.

2. The dialectical method views everything as ____________________.
(a) Unchanging.
(b) Changing.
(c) Replaceable.
(d) Unique.

3. Who were the individuals who tried to find logical explanations for natural events?
(a) The intelligent.
(b) The non-believers.
(c) The thinkers.
(d) The conservatives.

4. Greece produced three of the most well-known and important philosophers. Who were these philosophers?
(a) Plato, Bouwsma, and Zenon Pylyshyn.
(b) Democritus, Vassallo, and Jesús Mosterín.
(c) Plato, Democritus, and Aristotle.
(d) Aristotle,Parfit, and Plato.

5. What seeks scientific proof for what it examines, including religion?
(a) Conservative.
(b) Materialism.
(c) Realists.
(d) Christians.

Short Answer Questions

1. How did Spinoza think of God?

2. What is Rius' simple definition of capitalism?

3. Giambattista Vico produced some _____________________ during this time, although he is not as well-known.

4. Capitalism will need to be replaced by what?

5. Seeing the world as mechanical is also known as what?

Short Essay Questions

1. What are the ideas of Giambattista Vico?

2. Who are the two types of men philosophy sees? Describe these two types.

3. How was religion used to keep workers enslaved?

4. How does Rius begin to examine the roots of Marxism?

5. Who are three of Greece's most well-known and important philosophers? Give detailed information about the theories of one of these philosophers.

6. Who was Ludwig Feuerbach?

7. What can be learned from the information in this chapter?

8. What is surplus value? How does this affect the worker?

9. Why does Marx not believe that simply raising the workers' salaries would change the situation?

10. How might a socialist system be practical?

(see the answer keys)

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