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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" advocate?

2. Who is Alexander Sachs?

3. Where does Enrico Fermi and his team carry out his experiments?

4. Who writes the letters to Roosevelt "sounding the alarm" about nuclear fission?

5. Who confirms the existence of a neutron?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is the Balfour Declaration?

2. What is the Joliot-Curies discovery that contributes to the scientific knowledge about radioactivity?

3. What does Albert Einstein, who leaves Germany, want to do for displaced German scientists?

4. Who is Fritz Haber and how does his wife die?

5. What happens to the Nobel Prize medals that Max Von Laue and James Franck had given Niels Bohr for safekeeping?

6. When Szilard enrolls in the University of Berlin, the physics faculty includes three Nobel Laureates in physics. Who are two of these three and what is one scientific discovery they are famous for?

7. In working on the problems with Rutherford's model of the atom, Bohr uses the works of two other scientists. Who are these two scientists?

8. Who produces the first controlled nuclear fission reaction and where and when does it take place?

9. What is the MAUD committee?

10. What is the response in the United States to the need of Jewish scientists to leave Germany and Europe?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Compare and contrast the opinions of Dwight Eisenhower and Curtis LeMay, two military leaders of the time, about the use of the atomic bomb. One is involved in the European war and the other in the Pacific war. Does this make a difference?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the Potsdam Declaration. What is it? Who is involved? Given what is known at the time, is unconditional surrender the only choice? What is the Japanese response?

Essay Topic 3

Describe the development of the atomic bomb in Britain, Germany and Tokyo. What ends the development?

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