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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Garbarino claim we think when we ask if violent youth have any morals?

2. What was "Early Warning, Timely Response" supposed to help with?

3. Boys respond to risk factors with antisocial behavior, whereas girls respond with ___________________.

4. Institutional life for violent boys should communicate __________________.

5. The human impulse to focus on the legacy we leave behind for future generations is called __________________.

Short Essay Questions

1. Why is the measure of wealth to a child difficult?

2. What is emotional intelligence, and why do violent boys have lowered emotional intellect?

3. What is terminal thinking, and why is it a problem for violent teens?

4. How do positive connections and relationships help vulnerable youths to avoid violence?

5. Explain why military veterans are not violent, considering they have both depersonalized the enemy and have been desensitized.

6. What is the debate on the role of government and public institutions in child development?

7. What is the most effective violence prevention and reduction program?

8. According to James Gilligan, what causes the intolerable existence of violent youths, and what is the effect?

9. Explain trauma, and why and how the learning of human fragility can be traumatic.

10. What are home visiting programs, and why do they work?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Spirituality is a large influence on the violent tendencies of youth, according to Garbarino, and he stresses the power of spirituality in reclaiming the souls of the lost boys he works with. He stresses that spirituality can have anchoring effects on youth. He lists five anchoring effects of spirituality. Discuss these five effects of spirituality, and explain how these can help young people avoid violence in their lives, regardless of their circumstance.

Essay Topic 2

There are ten facts of life that Garbarino believes are vital to understanding the problem of violent youths (pg 217 - 232). Each of these, he believes, implies concepts that can be used for rehabilitation programs. Choose three of these, and discuss what they are, how the affect youths and youth violence, and what implications it has for treatment and rehabilitation.

Essay Topic 3

In the book, the effects of abuse on the social maps of children is discussed, in terms of the fact that abused children often see the world differently than those who are not abused. As part of that discussion, there are four specific elements of the moral code for abused children that have an impact on their relationship with the world. Discuss these four elements in depth. What are they, and how do they affect the world view of the abused child. How do these translate into higher changes of violence?

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