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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What surprised Garbarino about his experiences with the prosecuting attorney?

2. What did Josh mean when he asked his father to note the color and names of those in the newspaper?

3. Why do abused children have a tendency to view the world differently?

4. What can happen in these early instances of violence in young boys?

5. What does Garbarino claim is the point of change in the social decline of neighborhoods?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does the social biological perspective say about why children face different opportunities and risks for development?

2. Explain how this problem in small cities in magnified by the educational system.

3. Explain why Garbarino sees little difference between murder and violent assault.

4. Explain why Garbarino calls these violent youth 'lost boys'.

5. Explain why some abused children avoid these negative social maps?

6. Discuss what happened in 1998 that made the world take notice of youth violence.

7. Explain the three effects of living without a father on youth development.

8. Explain the accumulation approach to risk factors for youth violence, and how it helps lend hope for helping these young men.

9. Explain what class and race bias are, and how they contribute to a lack of concern for youth violence in minority areas.

10. Explain why suicides should be included in rates of youth violence.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The seventh line of defense against youth violence mentioned in the book is that of character education. What is character education? What do current character education programs focus on? What is needed for character education to work? How does it help to detoxify the social environment? Do you think character education is a realistic goal? Why or why not? What obstacles do you see for these programs? Have any shown to be successful? Where?

Essay Topic 2

Discuss the concepts of depersonalization and desensitization. Include the information given about the changes in training for the military, and why that tells us something about the desensitization effects of modern media. In your discussion, discuss how modern media, including violent television and video games, can desensitize and sensationalize violence, as well as how modern music can dehumanize women and other races and cultures.

Essay Topic 3

Spirituality is a large influence on the violent tendencies of youth, according to Garbarino, and he stresses the power of spirituality in reclaiming the souls of the lost boys he works with. He stresses that spirituality can have anchoring effects on youth. He lists five anchoring effects of spirituality. Discuss these five effects of spirituality, and explain how these can help young people avoid violence in their lives, regardless of their circumstance.

(see the answer keys)

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