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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Hobbes say are the three types of commonwealth?
(a) high, low and mediocre
(b) monarchies, democracies and aristocracies
(c) common, formal and independent
(d) dictatorships, republics and anarchies

2. What does Hobbes call a dominion acquired by conquest?
(a) Despotical
(b) Impoversihed
(c) Natural
(d) Democratic

3. What two factors does Hobbes believe control mental discourse?
(a) Vocabulary and definitions
(b) Desire and fear
(c) Love and hate
(d) Education and experience

4. What does Hobbes say a person is doing when he stops defending himself?
(a) doing the right thing
(b) practicing the Golden Rule
(c) surrendering his life and his possessions
(d) depending on the commonwealth

5. Why does Hobbes say that people attribute the unknown to ghosts, spirits, or other things that can never exist?
(a) They do not know how to think logically.
(b) They believe in astrology.
(c) They have experienced the supernatural.
(d) They have had experience with seances.

6. When many people first get together, what are they called?
(a) A multitude
(b) A hodge podge
(c) A gaggle
(d) A mob

7. What, left uncontrolled, does Hobbes say can lead to misery and unhappiness?
(a) personality, education, and drive
(b) hunger, alcohol, and hedonism
(c) competition, harmful shyness, and vain glory
(d) pride, sloth, and gluttany

8. How does Hobbes see the commonwealth?
(a) Like an artificial man
(b) Like a steam engine
(c) Like a church
(d) Like an army

9. What does Hobbes identify as the two ways one can hold sway over others?
(a) money and gifts
(b) counsel and command
(c) power and control
(d) charisma and intelligence

10. Why does Hobbes say that virtue is comparative?
(a) If all things were equal in all men, nothing would be prized.
(b) If there are no comparisons there are no problems.
(c) If virtue is equal then there is no evil.
(d) If all things were equal, this would be heaven.

11. What does Hobbes call reasoning with oneself?
(a) Marking
(b) Insanity
(c) Foolish
(d) Impossible

12. How must a counselor speak?
(a) with a lot of repetition so his points sink in
(b) truthfully and concisely without using too many confusing and eloquent words
(c) angrily so that the group will fear him
(d) loudly so he can be heard at the back of the group

13. What is the first right of a sovereign power?
(a) the right to keep changing the laws to its advantage
(b) the right to remain in power
(c) the right to own slaves
(d) the right to live in a palace

14. What does Hobbes say is needed to protect people from danger?
(a) a choice of weapons
(b) civil laws
(c) strong churches
(d) a strong militia

15. Why does Hobbes say the multitude cannot protest against the sovereign?
(a) They voluntarily entered into the covenant.
(b) They will destroy the commonwealth.
(c) They have no voice.
(d) They will be beheaded.

Short Answer Questions

1. When does Hobbes suggest it is not logical to follow the Golden Rule?

2. What two systems does Hobbes define within a commonwealth?

3. What are some of his voluntary motions?

4. Why does Hobbes say that people are always seeking more power, wealth, or popularity?

5. How does Hobbes classify a person who speaks for himself?

(see the answer keys)

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