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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. After the people proclaim Julian as Augustus, Julian learns that Constantius:
(a) Is planning to poison him.
(b) Is gravely ill and ready to turn over his crown.
(c) Imprisons Eusebia.
(d) Is preparing for a military action against Julian.

2. Julian often bases his decisions on:
(a) Signs and omens.
(b) Tea leaf readings.
(c) His wife's recommendations.
(d) The advice of psychics.

3. In planning his battle strategy, Julian often depends on:
(a) The advice of his generals.
(b) Guerilla tactics.
(c) The element of surprise.
(d) Signs, omens and dreams.

4. After Gallus is named Caesar, Libanius goes to Gallus' home and observes:
(a) A brutal boxing match.
(b) A flogging.
(c) A lavish feast.
(d) A marital dispute.

5. Constantius' writes instructions to Julian, which includes all of the following except:
(a) Recipes.
(b) Instructions for holding dinner parties.
(c) Battle strategies.
(d) Etiquette tips.

Short Answer Questions

1. Julian believes that Constantius sets him up to fail in Gaul because:

2. During his time in Athens, Julian is able to go to the baths alone one morning because:

3. Julian recalls his father as:

4. Julian is drawn to Gregory and Basil because:

5. Julian's relationship with his wife, Helena, is best described as:

Short Essay Questions

1. Julian states that his 47 days in Athens are the happiest days of his life. Why is Julian happy during his stay in Athens?

2. Julian loses many of the adults of his young life. Describe three of these losses and how they influence him as a youth.

3. Describe Julian's initiation into the mysteries of Eleusis. Who initiates him and what are some of the initiation rites?

4. What happens to Julian when he returns to Rome? What do you think drives Constantius to do what he does to Julian?

5. Julian says he longs to be an ordinary student. Name and describe the roles of at least three people who encourage his scholarly ambition.

6. Who is Sosipatra and what effect does she have on Julian's life?

7. Gallus and Julian have an affair with the same woman, a servant in their household, at the same time. What do you think this says about the two boys?

8. After a few weeks in Athens, Julian is recalled to Italy by his cousin, Augustus Constantius. What is his reaction to being recalled? Why? Why does he think Constantius may be out to get him at this point?

9. Julian insists that his brother is led astray by Constantia. Do you think this is true? What evidence can you cite to support your answer?

10. Describe Julian's relationship with his brother, Gallus.

(see the answer keys)

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