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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Within the span of a few months, all of the following events occur except:
(a) Julian is dispatched to Gaul.
(b) Constantius names Julian as Caesar.
(c) Macrina dies in childbirth.
(d) Julian marries Helena.

2. When Julian fights the Germans, he is required to carry into battle with him:
(a) A Bible.
(b) Eusebia's scarf.
(c) An effigy of Constantius.
(d) A Christian medallion of St. Mammas.

3. When Julian learns about the death of his child, he:
(a) Feels sympathy for Helena's grief.
(b) Expresses no emotion about the incident.
(c) Seems relieved because he does not really love Helena.
(d) Is shocked and heartbroken.

4. While in Gaul, during the actual fighting against the German invaders, Julian:
(a) Rallies the local population to join his cause.
(b) Joins his men at the front and demonstrates his courage.
(c) Makes strategic decisions based on intelligence.
(d) Relies on signs and omens to determine the outcome.

5. Julian is drawn to Gregory and Basil because:
(a) They represent what he believes he would like to be.
(b) They openly espouse Hellenism.
(c) He is attracted to bearded men.
(d) They have an interesting circle of friends.

Short Answer Questions

1. After the death of the Bishop, Julian and Gallus agree to:

2. Eusebia pays a midwife to:

3. While in Athens, Julian encounters all of the following except:

4. Julian's reluctance to become Augustus probably stems from:

5. Eventually, Eusebia persuades Constantius to:

Short Essay Questions

1. At about the same time as Julian is defeating the Germans, Helena is giving birth to their first child, a son. Describe the birth and the circumstances surrounding the occasion. How does Julian react when he learns what transpires.

2. Julian insists that his brother is led astray by Constantia. Do you think this is true? What evidence can you cite to support your answer?

3. Julian is gaining confidence and developing skill as a military leader. Cite evidence or his military skills and success at about this time (356-358).

4. Why is Priscus reluctant to be involved with the writing/publishing of the Julian manuscript?

5. Gallus and Julian have an affair with the same woman, a servant in their household, at the same time. What do you think this says about the two boys?

6. In Chapter V, Gallus is named Caesar and marries Constantius's sister, Constantia. Do you think this is a coincidence? How do you explain these two almost simultaneous occurrences?

7. What does Gallus' treatment of Hilarius show about his character? What does Julian's reaction to the Hilarius incident reveal about his character?

8. What do Basil and Gregory represent to Julian?

9. How does Julian deal with his religious doubts, questions and qualms?

10. After a few weeks in Athens, Julian is recalled to Italy by his cousin, Augustus Constantius. What is his reaction to being recalled? Why? Why does he think Constantius may be out to get him at this point?

(see the answer keys)

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