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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. As discussed in Chapter 2, who is able to trigger transference of models of identity formation within younger members of society?

2. What did Shaw convinced himself he was?

3. What is the core part of identity formation that cannot be separated from this formation?

4. At what stage in Erikson's theory of development may an individual begin to lose confidence or identity and enter period of listlessness?

5. What are two characteristics Erikson applies to the task of the ego in order to maintain and organize its existence?

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Erikson suggests will happen if the youth do not grow up?

2. How do parents trigger transference in the formulation of evil ego identity as children move through Erikson's developmental stages?

3. What was Freud's focus of theorizing?

4. What is Erikson suggest it is a good thing that the term crisis no longer means solely a bad event?

5. What is Erikson suggest that the Western sense of identity has been weakened?

6. How does Erikson use child training to describe group identity formation?

7. What does Erikson suggest that historical periods usually offer a limited number of models in order to develop identity?

8. What is Erikson state that he cannot accept Freud's notion that neurotic conflict is not different from normative conflict?

9. What is Erikson suggest that the development of trust or mistrust in the first age and identity development is the cornerstone of an individual's personality?

10. What does Erikson suggest should our implicit scheme include in addition to growth?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

In the prologue, Erikson discusses the story about an old man who vomits daily. What is the significance of this story in terms of this man's identity? How can the story be used to further define or explain identity of an individual or culture?

Essay Topic 2

Erikson's discussion on the differences of identity between youth today and those of 20 years ago focuses on the fact that today's youth may suffer more identity crisis than those of the past. Provide evidence from the reading that support this theory. Based on the reading, what factors do you feel play a major role in today's youth being unable to effectively form a positive self identity? Explain your answer.

Essay Topic 3

Define the term "sense of basic trust" and discuss what this means to an infant in the beginning stages of identity development. How is stressed formed and what happens if trust is not formed? How are later stages affected by the successful or unsuccessful initiation of positive identity development? Use the book to support your answer.

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