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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. At what stage in Erikson's theory of development may an individual begin to lose confidence or identity and enter period of listlessness?
(a) Generativity vs. stagnation.
(b) Industry vs. inferiority.
(c) Intimacy vs. isolation.
(d) Autonomy vs. shame.

2. In the beginning of the 20th century, what demonstrated the possibility to destroy human kind?
(a) Individuality.
(b) Negative identity formation.
(c) Pseudospecies.
(d) Peaceniks.

3. What did Shaw convinced himself he was?
(a) A leader.
(b) A helper.
(c) A genius.
(d) A complete outsider.

4. After James' long identity crisis, what did he decide to be?
(a) Self-governing.
(b) Antisocial.
(c) Dependant on society.
(d) A psychologist.

5. What term does Erikson use to refer to the methods used throughout history to integrate identity?
(a) Methods of group formation.
(b) Methods of acquisition.
(c) Methods of conformity.
(d) Methods of identity.

Short Answer Questions

1. What does Freud suggest a fearless freedom of thinking is?

2. According to Erikson in Chapter 2, what occurs when the ego combines elements that result in an inability to form a positive self-image?

3. During the final stages of Erikson's stages of identity development, what type of feelings may individual experiencing stagnation feel?

4. Since there were few empirical studies, how did Erikson's study individuals?

5. What does George Bernard Shaw despise?

Short Essay Questions

1. According to Erikson, why is early adolescents signified by feelings of initiative or guilt?

2. What is Erikson suggest it is a good thing that the term crisis no longer means solely a bad event?

3. According to Erikson's discussion in Chapter 4, how might a culture contribute to identity confusion?

4. How does Erikson think acute identity confusion manifests?

5. What is Erikson suggest that the development of trust or mistrust in the first age and identity development is the cornerstone of an individual's personality?

6. What does Erikson suggest should our implicit scheme include in addition to growth?

7. According to Erikson, what is our earliest undifferentiated sense of identity?

8. What are some unique characteristics discussed at the beginning of Chapter 4 concerning George Bernard Shaw?

9. How do parents trigger transference in the formulation of evil ego identity as children move through Erikson's developmental stages?

10. What does Erikson feel is significant about the adolescent identity crisis?

(see the answer keys)

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