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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What does Erikson state are not constantly bolstered, an idea that is contrary to popular belief?
(a) Self conscious.
(b) The arrogant.
(c) Strong egos.
(d) Weak egos.

2. What was Shaw exposed to as a child?
(a) Fighting.
(b) Mental illness.
(c) Alcoholism.
(d) Music making.

3. Considering Erikson's theory of groups identity development, what type of group demands does ego identity help balance?
(a) Negative identities.
(b) Leadership conflicts.
(c) Conformity.
(d) Members passions and instincts.

4. Why was Erikson so impressed with Shaw?
(a) He developed a good theory of development.
(b) He did not care what others thought.
(c) He could integrate the complex elements of life.
(d) He was very intelligent.

5. What did Shaw care so much about being?
(a) Moral.
(b) Amoral.
(c) Happy.
(d) Smart.

6. Since there were few empirical studies, how did Erikson's study individuals?
(a) Through case study.
(b) Interviews.
(c) Surveys.
(d) Psychoanalysis.

7. What is unique about each stage of Erikson's stages of identity development?
(a) Conflict.
(b) They are flexible.
(c) The build on one another.
(d) They are concrete.

8. What must occur for an individual to move from one stage of development to the next in Erikson's theory of development?
(a) It is a natural process.
(b) He must be invited.
(c) He must feel safe.
(d) He must mast the previous stage.

9. What does William James state is discernible in mental or moral attitudes?
(a) Character.
(b) Culture.
(c) Family.
(d) History.

10. What does George Bernard Shaw despise?
(a) His adolescence.
(b) His family's snobbery.
(c) His family history.
(d) Psychology.

11. What does Erikson state is the first age of identity development involve in terms of conflict?
(a) Initiative vs. Guilt.
(b) Intimacy vs. isolation.
(c) Trust vs. mistrust.
(d) Autonomy vs. shame.

12. What does Shaw find his childhood exposures to have been?
(a) Extraordinary.
(b) Destructive.
(c) Enlightening.
(d) Intrusively noisy.

13. According to Erikson in terms of active identity formation individual who now can say they know where they are going, what has occurred?
(a) Psychological superiority.
(b) Identity completion.
(c) Wisdom.
(d) Psychosocial well-being.

14. What is present within each period of Erikson's theory of identity development?
(a) Social conflict.
(b) Distinct processes.
(c) Identity confusion.
(d) Inner and outer conflict.

15. What is the definition of "identity" subject to?
(a) The individual.
(b) The future.
(c) The researcher.
(d) Changes in history.

Short Answer Questions

1. At what stage in Erikson's theory of development may an individual begin to lose confidence or identity and enter period of listlessness?

2. During the third stage of Erikson's theory of development, what may occur if an individual's initiatives or attempts at something continually fail?

3. Concerning Erikson's theory, when identity development is negative, what type of personalities may occur during the second stage of development?

4. Because the terms "identity" and "identity crisis" are used in such a variety of situations, what have these terms become?

5. Considering Erikson's stages of identity development, how long does a six stage of identity development last?

(see the answer keys)

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