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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. In contrast to his youth, Augustine's post-conversion views on sex appear to be:
(a) Unchanged.
(b) Looser.
(c) Stricter.
(d) The same as Patrick's.

2. In addition to sexual mores, Patrick had to confront the practice of human sacrifice. All _________ people sacrificed people.
(a) Stone Age.
(b) Uneducated.
(c) Celtic.
(d) Pagan.

3. What was Brigid before she is consecrated as a bishop?
(a) A slave.
(b) A prostitute.
(c) A peasant girl.
(d) A druid princess.

4. Who invades Ireland near the end of the seventh century?
(a) Saxons.
(b) Elizabethans.
(c) Normans.
(d) Vikings.

5. Christian Saxons always look to the Irish as ____________ in Christ.
(a) Inferiors.
(b) Juniors.
(c) Equals.
(d) Elders.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why does Patricius walk 200 miles to Wexford?

2. Like the Jews earlier, the Irish see literacy as a __________________ act.

3. What publication format replaced the scroll?

4. Whom does Pope Gregory I send a librarian, Augustine, to baptize?

5. Who was the first emperor to blend Roman citizenship and church membership?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why did Pope Honorius III order that John Scotus' book, De Divisione Naturae, be burned?

2. Where were the "spirals, zigzags, and lozenges" that decorated the Irish monks' books first used?

3. What monasteries did Columbanus found in Gaul?

4. What are the two reasons cited for Ireland's transition from chaos to peace?

5. What does Patrick call King Coroticus's kidnapping of thousands of Irish converts?

6. What apocryphal legends about Patrick have arisen that are familiar to us?

7. What did Edward Campion say about the Irish and learning?

8. How are the Irish gods and goddesses are described?

9. Although the Irish saw nothing positive in the Viking occupation, what did they in fact establish?

10. Who was described as "the first man in three hundred years who was able to think?"

(see the answer keys)

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