1. What does Joad argue in his original 1941 article, "Evil and God"?
In his original 1941 article, "Evil and God", Joad argues that due to the falsity of various theories of human evolution, rational persons are left with a choice between monotheism and something like a Zoroastrian dualism.
2. What is the theory of dualism?
Dualism is a theory that suggests that good and evil are diametrically opposed forces which define each other and give each other meaning.
3. What are the problems with dualism, according to Lewis?
Lewis suggests that dualism lends a positive and substantive nature to evil, which is not reconcilable with sound value theories. Furthermore, he posits that there is no reason to believe that good and evil powers must be taken together or that they can explain each other.
4. What is the problem with relying only on experience according to Lewis' argument in Part I, Essay 2, "Miracles"?
The problem with relying only on experience is that experiences are always interpreted according to prior commitments and beliefs.
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