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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What is the "diaspora"?

2. What educational reform did Germans propose and support?

3. What industry did most German immigrants pursue?

4. What percentage of Italian immigrants were agricultural laborers?

5. What is the largest single ethnic group in the U.S.?

Short Essay Questions

1. What was unusual about German migration patterns in the 20th century?

2. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, how did Italian literacy compare with the rest of Europe?

3. What trade did Jews traditionally practice during the Diaspora?

4. What factors contributed to Irish immigrant workers' lack of initiative?

5. How did the geography of Italy contribute to the fragmentation of its people?

6. Why did the Jews in various countries not fight back against discrimination?

7. Why is there no "majority" in the United States?

8. Who are the Pennsylvania Dutch?

9. What is "amoral familism"?

10. What was the effect of the Irish rebellion of 1641?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Patterns emerge among all ethnic groups that show differences between the first generation of immigrants and the second and third generations. In your essay, select one or two ethnic groups to examine and compare generational differences.

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay in which you explore the responses of various immigrant groups to the discrimination against them in the United States. Consider which responses led to successful assimilation over time, and support your opinion about the best way to deal with discrimination with data from the text.

Essay Topic 3

Over time, most immigrant groups are first discriminated against, then eventually accepted and assimilated. In your essay, examine the factors that contribute to increasing mutual acceptance. Consider, for example, "the destructive toll of mutual intolerance." What is that toll? Who pays it? How does the economy reward cooperation?

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