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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What did Chinatowns become in the 20th century?
(a) Tourist attractions.
(b) Crime-infested areas.
(c) Slums.
(d) Danger zones.

2. Heightened, more militant group consciousness typically appears in which generation?
(a) First.
(b) Fourth.
(c) Second.
(d) Third.

3. How did the Japanese crime rate compare with that of other immigrant communities?
(a) Far lower.
(b) Slightly lower.
(c) Far higher.
(d) Slightly higher.

4. What "pulled" Mexicans into the U.S. in the early 20th century?
(a) The building of factories.
(b) The construction of railroads.
(c) The lure of Hollywood.
(d) The development of large agribusinesses.

5. Why are the Hong Kong Chinese vulnerable to employer exploitation?
(a) Many do not have job skills.
(b) Many are engaged in criminal activity.
(c) Many do not understand U.S. customs.
(d) Many are in the U.S. illegally.

6. What was a Pachuco?
(a) A Mexican dance.
(b) A Mexican elected official?
(c) A Mexican from the state of Pachuca.
(d) A Mexican gang member.

7. What drug was introduced in the U.S. by Chinese immigrants?
(a) Cocaine.
(b) Opium.
(c) Marijuana.
(d) Heroin.

8. Which Western country imported the most slaves?
(a) Jamaica.
(b) Brazil.
(c) The United States.
(d) Canada.

9. Why are the Hong Kong youth gangs a threat to Chinatowns?
(a) They intimidate business owners.
(b) They cause property destruction.
(c) They frighten away tourists.
(d) They cause loss of life.

10. What kind of governmental structure did most Puerto Ricans vote to continue?
(a) Commonwealth status.
(b) Independent nationhood.
(c) Status as a territory.
(d) Statehood.

11. After the 1906 earthquake, when 10,000 Japanese were left homeless, how many applied for public relief?
(a) None.
(b) 5,000.
(c) 2,500.
(d) 10,000.

12. What was a Californio?
(a) A wealthy California Hispanic of the 20th century.
(b) An enslaved California Hispanic of the 19th century.
(c) A wealthy California Hispanic of the 19th century.
(d) A California stagecoach robber.

13. By 1970, which city had the most Puerto Ricans?
(a) Boston.
(b) Miami.
(c) San Juan.
(d) New York.

14. Which religion forbade the owning of slaves and produced many abolitionists?
(a) Methodist.
(b) Quaker.
(c) Presbyterian.
(d) Catholic.

15. In California, Japanese immigrants initiated what two business models?
(a) Restaurants and dance academies.
(b) Language schools and bakeries.
(c) Contract gardening and produce markets.
(d) Market gardens and ornamental horticulture.

Short Answer Questions

1. In New York, what percentage of Chinese residents accepted federal aid during the Great Depression?

2. Why did lighter skin become overrepresented among achieving blacks?

3. How many slaves came to the Western Hemisphere?

4. What was a "hatchet man"?

5. What quality did U.S. slave owners encourage in their slaves?

(see the answer keys)

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