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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What class, in America, will eventually gain the upper hand in their struggles?
(a) The working class.
(b) The poor class.
(c) The aristocratic class.
(d) The scholarly class.

2. According to De Tocqueville, all Americans seek it, but do not necessarily seek it exclusively. What is it?
(a) Wealth.
(b) Material well-being.
(c) Association.
(d) Comfort.

3. The relationship of the American aristocrat and workman is likened to a traditional aristocrat and what, according to de Tocqueville?
(a) Knights.
(b) Peasants.
(c) Servants.
(d) Slaves.

4. What does de Tocqueville believe plays an important role in the process of protecting the freedom of men by increasing their interdependence?
(a) Religion.
(b) Freedom.
(c) Society.
(d) Education.

5. According to de Tocqueville, too much emphasis on equality leads to what?
(a) Slavery.
(b) Mediocrity.
(c) Laziness.
(d) Servitude.

Short Answer Questions

1. Democracy counters individualism by insuring that common good is understood as what?

2. Democracy influences the citizens' political views and what other types of views?

3. In America, what did people have before they had equality of conditions?

4. In America, de Tocqueville observes that _____________ links the aristocrat and the workman.

5. What does de Tocqueville say American workers constantly struggle with their masters for?

Short Essay Questions

1. How is the division of labor in the industries in the United States divided?

2. in de Tocqueville's observations, how are the masters and workmen connected in America?

3. In de Tocqueville's observations, how do Americans act when they meet with strangers outside their borders?

4. What normally causes a great social revolution?

5. What is one reason that democracies do not value equality and liberty equally?

6. What do rising wages for workers mean?

7. According to de Tocqueville, within their own country, how do Americans tend to behave toward each other?

8. According to de Tocqueville, how do political associations combat individualism and egoism?

9. What is the major difference between the classic aristocrat and the new aristocrat in America according to de Tocqueville?

10. What is at least one difference between the family in a democratic society and in an aristocratic society?

(see the answer keys)

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