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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. Aristotle created a model of the universe based on whose work?
(a) Eudoxus'.
(b) Claudius Ptolemy's.
(c) Andromache's.
(d) Jean Richer's.

2. What is a division of the astronomical science that is concerned with getting data, in contrast with theoretical astrophysics, which is mainly concerned with finding out the measurable implications of physical models?
(a) Observational astronomy.
(b) Asceticism.
(c) Alchemy.
(d) Cosmology.

3. What Arabic secret society published tables of planetary distances that had been calculated by Aristarchus?
(a) The Scientific Mathematics.
(b) The Brothers of Peace.
(c) The Brethren of Purity.
(d) The Arabic Society.

4. What is the discipline that deals with the nature of the Universe as a whole?
(a) Astronomy.
(b) Triangulation.
(c) Cosmology.
(d) Alchemy.

5. What was the epicenter of the burgeoning interest in seaward adventures, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"?
(a) Sagres.
(b) Rome.
(c) Sumeria.
(d) Greece.

6. What is the astronomical model in which the Earth and planets revolve around a stationary Sun at the center of the universe?
(a) Triangulation.
(b) Heliocentricism.
(c) Asceticism.
(d) The Tychonic system.

7. Most of Copernicus's work was unpublished until his death because he feared what?
(a) Retribution from his family.
(b) Retribution from the Church.
(c) Retribution from his wife.
(d) Retribution from the scientific community.

8. What describes a lifestyle characterized by abstinence from various sorts of worldly pleasures often with the aim of pursuing religious and spiritual goals?
(a) Cosmology.
(b) Heliocentricism.
(c) Asceticism.
(d) Alchemy.

9. When was Christopher Wren born?
(a) 1698.
(b) 1632.
(c) 1666.
(d) 1717.

10. What foremost astronomer of the sixteenth century proved Aristotle wrong in 1577?
(a) Tycho Brahe.
(b) John Calvin.
(c) Plato.
(d) Archimedes.

11. When did Eudoxus of Cnidus attend the Academy in Athens?
(a) 410 B.C.
(b) 330 B.C.
(c) 384 B.C.
(d) 385 B.C.

12. What was a model of the solar system published by Tycho Brahe in the late 16th century which combined what he saw as the mathematical benefits of the Copernican system with the philosophical and "physical" benefits of the Ptolemaic system?
(a) The Tychonic system.
(b) Quantum flux.
(c) Heliocentricism.
(d) Asceticism.

13. Who discovered the rotation of Jupiter?
(a) Eudoxus.
(b) Claudius Ptolemy.
(c) Plato.
(d) Robert Hooke.

14. As far back as Ptolemy, geography was employed as an aid in the study of what, according to the author in Chapter 3: "The Discovery of the Earth"?
(a) Heliocentricism.
(b) Astronomy.
(c) Cosmology.
(d) Triangulation.

15. As a physicist, Galileo attempted to bring physics into the discovery of what?
(a) The sun's movement.
(b) Alchemy.
(c) The moon's movement.
(d) The earth's movement.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where was Christopher Columbus from?

2. Driven by debt, Galileo invented what which was well-received in Venice?

3. Galileo's contributions to observational astronomy include the telescopic confirmation of the phases of what planet?

4. In early models of the universe, what stood at the center of the universe?

5. Who launched one of the most renowned transit expeditions was launched by the Royal Society in August 1768?

(see the answer keys)

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