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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Watertight ship holds with holes for circulating seawater to keep fish alive were called _____.

2. Iceland is encrusted with _____.

3. In an otter trawl, the bottom opening is maintained by a chain made more mobile by metal _____.

4. Which boat was invented on the Pacific to deal with rough seas and haul in bigger catches?

5. What was the Iceland Coast Guard's secret weapon?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the invention of filleting machinery change New England's cod fishing industry?

2. What happened to many British and German trawlers during the second Cod War?

3. What were the Grandmother messages of 1928?

4. How did the British respond to being asked to change their preference for fried cod as the cod catch continued to decline?

5. What is pair fishing?

6. Why did it take over seventy years for Europeans to convert their cod fishing fleets to engine power?

7. Why do fishermen have comparatively high accident rates?

8. What served as buoys and what were they used for in early cod fishing?

9. How is hákarl flesh processed and why?

10. Why did Icelandic Coast Guard vessels withstand enemy attacks in the second cod war?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Describe how Catholicism created a market for cod. Which holiday was instrumental in the creation of this market? Why? Who benefited from this market?

Essay Topic 2

What were the beliefs of Thomas Henry Huxley? His beliefs were an extension of whose theories on nature? What affect did his beliefs have on the cod fishing industry?

Essay Topic 3

Describe Britain's involvement in the history of cod fishing. How did their fishing grounds change? Why? With whom did they trade for salt in the 16th century? Why?

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