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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What replaced nylon in gill nets?
(a) Monofilament.
(b) Acetate fiber.
(c) Rayon.
(d) Dacron.

2. The first otter trawl was built in _____.
(a) Iceland.
(b) Ireland.
(c) Scotland.
(d) Newfoundland.

3. What are twenty-foot, deckless skiffs called?
(a) Rowers.
(b) Dories.
(c) Schooners.
(d) Clavids.

4. Who was the longtime director of Iceland's Marine Research Institute and one of the negotiators during the third Cod War?
(a) Jon Jonsson.
(b) Thor Thorsson.
(c) Leif Marksson.
(d) Erik Grindavík.

5. Which international organization met in 1973 to expand ocean sovereignty?
(a) The Northern Seas Alliance.
(b) NATO.
(c) The UN Seabed Committee.
(d) International Fisheries Council.

Short Answer Questions

1. In the quota system, groundfish are killed being hauled up do to _____.

2. The Cod Wars started in the middle of what other war?

3. Nova Scotia fishermen looked for a red gravel floor favored by cod called _____.

4. Who was Canada's biggest competitor in the cod market in the 19th century?

5. Who were infamous on the Grand Banks for the harshness of their working conditions?

Short Essay Questions

1. What effect did the term "scrod" have on consumer's perspective on fish?

2. Why was the British Royal Navy reluctant to send combat ships to deal with Iceland during the second Cod War?

3. How did the invention of filleting machinery change New England's cod fishing industry?

4. Why did Icelanders rejoice in the addition of the 12-mile limit zone around their country?

5. How were the Icelandic Coast Guard ships during the Cod Wars armed and manned?

6. What were the Grandmother messages of 1928?

7. What happened to many British and German trawlers during the second Cod War?

8. How is hákarl flesh processed and why?

9. Describe how gill nets are used.

10. What skills did fishermen learn in the wake of the imposition of 200-mile zones?

(see the answer keys)

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