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1. Where do the Basques live and how do they interpret their homeland?

The Basques live in three provinces of France and four of Spain. They consider the pieces of these countries their homeland, Euskadi, and insist that it is their country.

2. Why were Thorwald and Erik the Red thrown out of Norway and what do they do after that?

Thorwald and Erik the Red were thrown out of Norway for murder. They continued to murder people when they traveled to Iceland.

3. How did the Vikings survive the desolate landscapes of Greenland and Stoneland?

The Vikings survived the desolate landscapes of Greenland and Stoneland because they learned to preserve codfish by hanging it out in the frosty winter air. They traded surplus dried cod in Iceland and Norway.

4. How did the Basques become known for preserving cod?

The Basques became known for preserving cod because they applied salting techniques they used on whale meat to cod. Cod rarely spoils when salted because of the low fat content. The Basques also had access to good salt.

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