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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. The process takes longer than expected, but by 1868 production begins, and expansion is planned in what year?
(a) 1862.
(b) 1872.
(c) 1892.
(d) 1882.

2. Carnegie's methods in steel concentrate what?
(a) The beginnings of pollution problems.
(b) The first American industry.
(c) The beginnings of the American steel industry.
(d) The first industry in the world.

3. He installs a blast furnace called________ in 1872 to produce 13.361 tons initially and eventually over 100,000 tons annually by maximizing output.
(a) "Luke."
(b) "Larry."
(c) "Lenny."
(d) "Lucy."

4. Carnegie follows the successful path of building through a depression and lack of customers by ________________.
(a) Driving costs down and increasing output.
(b) Driving costs and output down.
(c) Increasing costs and decreasing output.
(d) Increasing costs and output.

5. At thirty, Frick is a millionaire with _______ thousand coke ovens and three thousand acres of land.
(a) Three.
(b) Two.
(c) Four.
(d) One.

Short Answer Questions

1. Their deal demonstrates the power of what?

2. They make a deal that is considered what?

3. Specialized merchants control flow of product at every step, which _____________________.

4. Productive staff is rewarded and non-productive staff is ___________.

5. Holley's pre-production estimates and Shinn's voucher system provides Carnegie's Edgar Thomson Works with accurate profitability in its ________ month of operation.

Short Essay Questions

1. What does Phipps suggest to Carnegie? How does Carnegie benefit from this?

2. What is a second dimension necessary to effect this integration?

3. Describe American steel companies between 1870 and 1900.

4. Describe Duqesne Steel.

5. How does Carnegie rely on the McCallum system?

6. Carnegie's interest and insistence on cost-cutting leads him into more complex areas of manufacturing detail composition and chemistry. Give an example of this.

7. Describe Carnegie's replacement of equipment.

8. What venture is formed between Tom Miller and Carnegie?

9. How is Rockefeller involved in Carnegie's business?

10. Describe the seven years of peace and prosperity in the North.

(see the answer keys)

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