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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did D'Annunzio's occupation end?

2. As stated in "Clearing a Space, when did a switch to social welfarism occur?

3. What American theologian mocked fanatics of Western civilization?

4. Who did Rousseau disagree with most violently?

5. When did the words "perfectibilite" and civilisation" (55) make their first appearance in a European language?

Short Essay Questions

1. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," what was Montaigne's impression of moneymaking, and how did that idea change in the 18th century?

2. At the end of the Prologue, what does the author believe is a measure of the global civil war taking place?

3. In "Clearing a Space," whose ideas need to be understood and then dismantled?

4. In "Clearing a Space," what was the purpose of history and how did it become sanitized?

5. In "Clearing a Space," what historical calamities undermined the idea of Western universalism?

6. In "Clearing a Space," what did Timothy McVeigh write about a demagogic present in 1992?

7. In "Clearing a Space," what has happened because of the belief systems and institutions that Britain, France, and the United States initiated and advanced?

8. In October of 1749, where was Diderot and why was he there?

9. In "Clearing a Space," what was the belief regarding historical inevitability in Europe in the 19th century?

10. In "Loving Oneself Through Others," what did Adam Smith envision?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Mishra discusses free-market capitalism and economic life. When was free-market capitalism touted as the only way to organize economic life? What problems have arisen from the free-market capitalism economic system? What does the author communicate about free-market capitalism as a way to organize global economic life?

Essay Topic 2

Mishra began considering writing Age of Anger in 2014. What happened in 2014? What other events were influences for him? What does he try to make sense of in the book? What does he reveal about crises and history? Why did Mishra write the book?

Essay Topic 3

The author makes a connection Islamic terror and between the French Revolution and religious fundamentalism in the Atlantic West. What does the author want readers to remember from history? Why is it important to remember the French revolution, its influence, and its reign of terror? What should be remembered about religious fundamentalism in the past? In what way is the violence of today a result of the French revolution and religious fundamentalism?

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