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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which leaflet was penned by Eck?

2. Henry was referred to as the "Defender of the ____."

3. It was said that Luther made ____ major blunders.

4. Resolutiones denied the supremacy of the ____.

5. Who received holy sacraments to become the Holy Emperor in 1520?

Short Essay Questions

1. Who were among Luther's most avid supporters?

2. What were some of the issues that were facing the medieval world as Magellan set out to sea?

3. What was Henry's downfall in the church?

4. Examine the position of Henry VIII at this time.

5. What was Luther's discovery regarding literacy?

6. How did the new geography affect the Church? How was Magellan related to this issue?

7. Give an example of some of the currents of thought that took place during this time.

8. Discuss Luther's two main works at this time.

9. What mistake was made regarding Luther's beliefs?

10. Examine the basic history of Magellan.

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Examine Manchester's explanation of medieval times. What were the major events of the period? Why is there so little history about the time outside issues involving the church? List at least ten things that are representative of medieval times. Cite sources.

Essay Topic 2

Discuss at length Magellan's conversion of the Filipino natives. Why was Magellan so set on converting and baptizing the people? Did the people convert willingly? What might have prompted them to do so? What kinds of ceremonies were held on the islands? Who performed the ceremonies? How did the natives respond to Magellan's teachings? Why was it necessary, in Magellan's mind, to stay and ensure that the natives would not revert? Did any natives convert to their old ways? Explain.

Essay Topic 3

Write a biography of Magellan. Why is Manchester so fascinated with Magellan? Do you believe the fascination is worthwhile or misplaced? What was Magellan's crowning achievement? What did the voyage prove? What acts did Magellan perform during his career as an explorer that are noteworthy? Be as specific as possible.

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