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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. In what year is the first genocide case tried before an international court?

2. Which country announces plans in June 1994 to send 2,500 troops to Rwanda in order to set up "safe zones" for Rwandans?

3. Although Milosevic is initially indicted only for crimes against humanity, the indictment is broadened to include genocide in:

4. In 100 days, some ___________ Tutsi, as well as the Hutu politicians, are murdered.

5. The Rwandan and Yugoslavian trials also prove that the ethnic violence and genocide was:

Short Essay Questions

1. What were the terms of the agreement that Milosevic signed on June 3, 1999, after his surrender?

2. Why was the Arusha agreement unpopular with Hutu extremists?

3. Within hours of President Habyarimana's death, whom did armed Hutus begin targeting?

4. What were the conditions under which Milosevic was delivered to The Hague for his trial?

5. What is an example of one of the many treaties President Jimmy Carter used his leverage to ratify instead of the genocide treaty?

6. Four months after the war began in Bosnia, Helsinki Watch released a report on the situation. What details did the report contain?

7. In February, 1999, Western allies presented Milosevic with a "take-it-or-leave-it" proposal. What were the conditions of this proposal?

8. Although President Reagan stated that he would endorse the genocide convention, what first step was he, as well as his administration, seemingly reluctant to take?

9. Why was President Reagan's 1985 visit to Germany's Bitburg Cemetery to lay a wreath so controversial?

10. When Yugoslavia began to break up into smaller countries in 1991, what dilemma was Bosnia thrown into?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

When World War I ended, Britain, France, and Russia wanted to hold officials in Germany, Austria, and Turkey responsible for violations of law and crimes of humanity. For Turkey, this action would have tried their officials for the atrocities committed upon the Armenians. Explain and demonstrate, backing your arguments from the text, why the United States refused to go along with the rest of the Allies' desires.

Essay Topic 2

Powers' argument in the book is that the United States has had information about all of the twentieth-century genocides and has done little to prevent or stop them. Using the text for support, compare and contrast the United States' reaction to each of the genocides in the book and then analyze whether or not Powers' argument is valid.

Essay Topic 3

Using the text to support your arguments, analyze and explain the reasons why government officials and journalists in Allied countries dismissed intelligence of the Holocaust as unsubstantiated and untrustworthy.

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