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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What are the basic building blocks of string theory?
(a) Strings of vibrating energy.
(b) Strings of matter.
(c) Strings connecting everything with gravitational forces.
(d) Strings that exist only in outer space.

2. Science has become too _____, so that normal people and philosophers cannot understand it.
(a) Removed from reality.
(b) Abstract.
(c) Complex.
(d) Technical and mathematical.

3. Galileo argued, to the church, that when the Bible conflicted with common sense what happened?
(a) The Bible was allegorical.
(b) That science should seek to know the truth.
(c) Common sense was the truth.
(d) The Bible was the truth.

4. A closed string is defined as what?
(a) A string that has ends.
(b) A string joined up with itself in a closed loop.
(c) A string that connects two objects and no other.
(d) A string that closes off an area of space.

5. There must be a beginning and an end to the universe if what theory is used?
(a) Singulatiry theory.
(b) Theory of light.
(c) Theory of relativity.
(d) Quantum mechanics.

Short Answer Questions

1. "We see the universe the way it is because we exist," demonstrates what principle?

2. Even empty space is filled with what?

3. What year did Galileo die?

4. When Hitler came to power, where was Einstein?

5. What scientific feat led to the introduction of imaginary time?

Short Essay Questions

1. What is Einstein's general theory of relativity's famous equation?

2. Einstein preferred what over the fleeting nature of politics?

3. What is the estimated concentration of black holes?

4. String theory implies what about other dimensions?

5. What might have happened to the black holes left over from the early period of the Big Bang?

6. Hawking concludes that life is only possible during the expansion phase of the universe for what reason?

7. What does the psychological arrow of time represent?

8. What does a weak form of the anthropic principle hold for the view of the universe?

9. According to Hawking, people are naturally curious about what?

10. When did the early ideas that the universe is deterministic fall apart?

(see the answer keys)

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