The violence against Americans, however, continued. In October 1993 in Mogadishu, Somalia, Somali fighters, trained by bin Laden and his al-Qaeda network, killed eighteen American soldiers who were trying to capture a Somali warlord and his top aides. Then on June 25, 1996, in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, a car bomb exploded next to Khobar Towers, a military barracks for U.S. Air Force personnel still stationed in the Middle East. Nineteen Americans were killed and hundreds more were wounded in the attack. Two months later, bin Laden declared a jihad (holy war) against Americans. Because the Saudi government would not listen to his demands to force the Americans to leave Saudi Arabia, bin Laden claimed it was the duty of every Muslim to push "the American enemy out of the holy land. . . . The ultimate aim of pleasing Allah . . . is to fight the enemy...