By the late 1980s, the image of Yugoslavia as a nation of strong, independent people peacefully coexisting under the banner of Communism had faded. The power of the Communists collapsed in 1990, opening the door for a variety of political parties, free elections, and new leadership. Citizens in most republics were eager to embrace democracy, with all the freedom and responsibility that went along with it.

Serb Strongman

In the Republic of Serbia, however, citizens voted to retain the Socialist (formerly Communist) government with which they were familiar. This decision was due, in part, to Slobodan Milosevic, a Communist turned nationalist who became president of Serbia in 1989.

Milosevic was known for his ruthlessness and love of power. One European diplomat described him as "a brigand and a fanatic, but a sly, intelligent and sophisticated one." During Milosevic's rise to the presidency, he had gained control...