An American Style.

The classical and federal styles dominated American architecture in the early republic. Closely related to one another, they used classical elements in different ways. Classical architecture is monumental and austere in character, patterning itself after ancient temples. In contrast, federal architecture is lighter and more intricate, with delicate details and ornaments. The leading practitioner of federal style was Bostonian Charles Bulfinch (1763-1844), who developed his interest in English neoclassical architecture while in London. In particular he looked for models to two leading figures in the English neoclassical tradition: Robert Adam and William Chambers, modifying and adapting their style to American circumstances. On his return to Boston in 1787, Bulfinch executed his first design, the Hollis Street Church. This project was followed by designs for many other private and public buildings, including the Connecticut State House (1793-1796) and the Federal Street Theater...