Waging War. While medieval people used technology to redefine the ways in which they lived every day, they also used it to redefine the ways in which they wrought death and destruction. Warfare at the end of the Middle Ages differed more profoundly from military actions at the beginning of the period than early medieval warfare had differed from battle at any previous time in history. Until fairly late in the Middle Ages, people believed that warfare was predicated on one man attacking another and seeking victory using his own strength. The reality was not that simple. Throughout the Middle Ages, siege warfare, which relied heavily on machinery, was the principle method of waging war. Consequently, military technology was focused on developing and improving methods of laying siege, particularly machines that allowed the invader to attack a fortification from...