Whatever their misgivings might be about other aspects of their society, many Cubans take immense pride in their educational system. It has produced a high number of university graduates and highly skilled workers and has created a citizenry of well-read people. "In general, Cubans are knowledgeable, often displaying an astounding level of intellectual development and erudition. Their conversations are spiced with literary allusions and historical references," writes Christopher Baker.

Cuba's educational system was not always so commendable. When Castro came to power, an estimated 27 percent of the Cuban people could not read or write. Good schools and teachers were rare. Much of the best education was available at private schools for the elite and at Catholic-run institutions. Even when schooling was available to the poor, many children in remote areas could not take advantage of them because they had to...