Utopian Modernism.

Modernist architecture had been conceived beginning in the 1920s as a Utopian stylistic force. Instead of an outdated neoclassical style (arches, columns, Doric capitals, and sculpted ornamentation), the original modernists had sought a building style that was unique to the twentieth century. That style would both celebrate human progress and technology and steer the human condition toward even higher social goals.

Technology.

The first goal would be achieved by using technology to its highest advantage. Stronger, more lightweight materials were used to raise buildings to unprecedented heights. Also, with the lighter materials, entire walls did not have to bear the weight as in earlier methods of construction. This meant that much more glass could be used.

Pure Form and Rational Design.

Modernist architects attempted to create buildings for people to live in and work in that were pure in...