Dr . Harry Bakwin, associate professor of pediatrics at New York University College of Medicine, stated his case against medicine's modern "fads" for children in the New England Journal of Medicine in 1945: In New York 61 percent of New olds studied already had their tonsils removed, and doctors advised that one-half of the remaining 39 percent needed theirs out. Bakwin called the craze for tonsil removal "a useless expenditure of time, effort, and money." Most doctors advocated separating newborn babies from their mothers and putting them on a clock-ruled feeding schedule. Bakwin maintained that the practice is inhumane and almost bound to produce anxiety in parents and loss of appetite in children. Doctors diagnosed flatfeet, large tonsils, malocclusion (crooked teeth), heart murmurs, and poor, posture as serious ailments. According to Bakwin, these are only normal childhood variations better left alone.

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