1930

Karl Landsteiner (Austrian-born American) for the identification of human blood into the major groups A, B, AB, and O.

1931

Otto Warburg (Germany) for his discovery of the nature and mode of action of the respiratory enzyme.

1932

Edgar D. Adrian and Charles S. Sherrington (United Kingdom) for their discovery regarding the functions of the neurons.

1933

Thomas Hunt Morgan (United States) for his discovery of the heredity transmission functions of chromosomes.

1934

George R. Minot, William P. Murphy, and George H. Whipple (United States) for their work on liver extract therapy to overcome anemia.

1935

Hans Spemann (Germany), embryologist, for discovering the organizer effect in embryonic growth.

1936

Henry H. Dale (United Kingdom) and Otto Loewi (Austria) for their discovery of the chemical transmission of nerve impulses.

1937

Albert Szent-Gyorgyi (Hungarian-born American), biochemist, for his identification and isolation of vitamin C (ascorbic acid).

1938

Corneille Heymans (Belgium) for his...