Medicine is defined as an agent, such as a drug, used to treat disease or injury. However in order to have medicines, they need to be developed. Medicines begin in the laboratory, where scientists try to create the ideal compound to treat a defect or disease. Medical researchers need to know three things in order to create this compound. They need to know how the healthy body works, how it is disturbed by disease, and how a disease can be prevented or cured. ("Medicine.") Once the compound is discovered, clinical research refines the drug, tests its safety, and its effectiveness in living organisms. However, in order to test the effectiveness, either animals or humans need to try the drug. More and more humans are now being tested with new drugs or solutions to medical problems, many tests done without the consent of the subject...