The titles of stories and novels usually have multiple meanings. "The Lord of the Flies" by William Golding is such a book as to having a literal meaning, and one of symbolic value. The literal meaning is regarding a pig's head on a stick, while the symbolic view is one that involves the dark schemes of the devil.

At the literal level, it is simply referring to how the flies worshipped the pig's head in a way. The flies surrounded the skull and ate the meat. Jack Merridew cut off the head of a prime pig that his tribe had hunted. This was placed on a stick as a gift for the beast. Jack explains on page 137, "The head is for the beast. It's a gift." He did this in hopes that the "beast" wouldn't harm them if he gave it food.

A different to interpreting the title...