Whilst reading the novel After the First Death by Robert Cormier it is impossible to ignore the issues of trust and betrayal. Trust is relying in the truthfulness and loyalty of a person, having faith in them, while betrayal is a breach of this loyalty and trust. Therefore to be betrayed or to betray somebody else, you must have trust or have been trusted. Throughout this novel Ben, Miro and General Marchand all give their trust, and in doing this become the victims of betrayal. The real question is; Can we really trust anyone"

The character Miro comes across as very naïve. Throughout his hard life he has learned not to trust anybody, not to develop feelings for anyone and not to expect too much in his life. (Do not seek to own anything, do not try to make anything belong to you, do not look for...