One of the most striking classical references in Hamlet is to the fall of Troy and the death of its king, Priam. Hamlet wishes the player to recite a speech he .".cheifly loved..." and recites the first thirteen lines for him. Within the first five lines of this speech the audience is bombarded with images of darkness, ."..sable...black...night...ominous...dread...black...dismal..." . Hamlet describes .".Hellish Pyrrhus..." raging through Troy looking for the King. Pyrrhus is a symbol of brutal revenge. He has become a by word for gratuitous violence and savage vengeance.

The story of the Fall of Troy is famously told in Book II of Virgil's Aeneid. Hamlet, however, is not quoting from Virgil. He claims to quote from a play that was only ever acted once, if at all, and was received unfavourably by the public, .".pleased not the million.." . Thus Shakespeare is able...