Global warming is one of the many serious environmental concerns facing the world today. It refers to the heating up of the atmosphere and is caused by what is called the greenhouse effect. When sunlight reaches Earth, a lot of it is reflected back into space by the ozone layer, however, some amounts of sunlight and heat are trapped inside the Earth's atmosphere by water vapour and gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and hydrofluorocarbon (HFC). This process of trapping heat in the atmosphere is similar to how a greenhouse works, and thus, the name.

The presence of heat is important for the existence of life on Earth, however, recent studies have shown that the level of these gases present in the atmosphere are increasing steadily. This will have major impacts on the Earth's climate, atmosphere, sea levels, and of course, on the environment.

There are...