The Crusades were a series of eight wars that European Christians fought for a religious cause, in attempt to seize the Holy Land and drive out the Muslim Turks. Although their effect greatly differed from their original intent, they still played an important role in the formation of history and the modern world. They failed miserably in some ways, and did not achieve the final purpose they were striving for. However, many unexpected things, both positive and negative, came out of the situation.

Throughout 1055-1057, the Turks conquered much of the Middle East, including the Holy Land, and refused to let any Christians enter. Angered by this, the French and Normans led the First Crusade in 1096-1999, and it was actually very successful. Several kingdoms, including Jerusalem, were established, and the Europeans managed to govern them for almost a hundred years based on feudalism, living in peace with...