1.  From my diary.—­Dined in a hotel a few miles up the Neckar,
    in a room whose walls were hung all over with framed
    portrait-groups of the Five Corps; some were recent,
    but many antedated photography, and were pictured in
    lithography—­the dates ranged back to forty or fifty
    years ago.  Nearly every individual wore the ribbon across
    his breast.  In one portrait-group representing (as each
    of these pictures did) an entire Corps, I took pains
    to count the ribbons:  there were twenty-seven members,
    and twenty-one of them wore that significant badge.

The statistics may be found to possess interest in several particulars.  Two days in every week are devoted to dueling.  The rule is rigid that there must be three duels on each of these days; there are generally more, but there cannot be fewer.  There were six the day I was present; sometimes there are seven or eight.  It is insisted that eight duels a week—­four for each of the two days—­is too low an average to draw a calculation from, but I will reckon from that basis, preferring an understatement to an overstatement of the case.  This requires about four hundred and eighty or five hundred duelists a year—­for in summer the college term is about three and a half months, and in winter it is four months and sometimes longer.  Of the seven hundred and fifty students in the university at the time I am writing of, only eighty belonged to the five corps, and it is only these corps that do the dueling; occasionally other students borrow the arms and battleground of the five corps in order to settle a quarrel, but this does not happen every dueling-day. [2] Consequently eighty youths furnish the material for some two hundred and fifty duels a year.  This average gives six fights a year to each of the eighty.  This large work could not be accomplished if the badge-holders stood upon their privilege and ceased to volunteer.

2.  They have to borrow the arms because they could not
    get them elsewhere or otherwise.  As I understand it,
    the public authorities, all over Germany, allow the five
    Corps to keep swords, but do not allow them to use them. 
    This is law is rigid; it is only the execution of it that
    is lax.

Of course, where there is so much fighting, the students make it a point to keep themselves in constant practice with the foil.  One often sees them, at the tables in the Castle grounds, using their whips or canes to illustrate some new sword trick which they have heard about; and between the duels, on the day whose history I have been writing, the swords were not always idle; every now and then we heard a succession of the keen hissing sounds which the sword makes when it is being put through its paces in the air, and this informed us that a student was practicing.  Necessarily, this unceasing attention to the art