and reciprocal service.  We should lose the charm and picturesqueness of highly differentiated lives, and sink into the dull, monotonous democracy which Matthew Arnold so dreaded.  We must work where we can best serve; we must try to make our lives and their surroundings beautiful, so far as beauty does not require too great cost.  We must save up for a rainy day, for insurance against illness and old age, for wife and children.  We may properly invest money, where it will be used to good ends — so that we beware of spendthrift or lazy heirs.  We must keep up a reasonably comfortable and beautiful standard of living, such a standard as the majority could hope to attain to by hard work and abstinence and thrift.  But all the money one can earn beyond this ought to be used for service.  The extravagance and ostentation and waste of many even moderately well to do are a blot upon our civilization.  The insane ideal of lavish adornment, of fashionable clothes and costly furnishings, of mere vain display and wanton luxury, infects rich and poor alike, isolating the former from the great universal current of life, and provoking in the latter bitterness and anarchism.  Let us ask in every case, Does this expenditure bring use, health, joy commensurate with the labor it represents?  A great deal of current expense in dressing, in entertaining, in eating, could be saved by a sensible economy, with no appreciable loss in enjoyment.  We must not forget that everything we consume has been produced by the labor and time of others.  What fortune, or our own cleverness, has put into our hands that we do not need for making fair and free our own lives, and the lives of those dependent upon us, we should pass on to those whose need is greater than ours.  Is it wrong to gamble, bet, or speculate?  A corollary to our discussion of the duties appertaining to the use of money must be a condemnation of gambling.  Its most obvious evil is the danger of loss of needed money; most gamblers cannot rightly afford to throw away what ought to be used for their real needs and those of their families.  Notably is this the case with college students, supported by their parents, who heedlessly waste the money that others have worked hard to save.  But even if a man be rich, he should steward his wealth for purposes useful to society.  And he must remember that if he can afford to lose, perhaps his opponent cannot.  Moreover, if many cannot afford to lose, no one can afford to win.  Insidiously this getting of unearned money promotes laziness, and the desire to acquire more money without work.  It makes against loving relations with others, since one always gains at another’s expense.  It quickly becomes a morbid passion, an unhealthy excitement, which absorbs too much energy and kills more natural enjoyments.  The gambling mania, like any other reckless dissipation, easily leads to other dissipations, such as drinking and sex indulgence.  These disastrous consequences are, of course, by no