On October 26th, Dr. Gussfeldt, after shaking off the “seasoning fever” at Ponta Negra, proceeded to make a trial trip, and a route survey with compass and chronometer, up the important Quillu River.  As usual, it has a bar; within the last few years the right bank has been carried away by the floods, and some of the old factories are under water.  The average breadth is 400 paces, which diminishes to 25 at the rocky “gates” near Kama-Chitoma, Manyamatal and Gotu.  At 29 direct miles from the mouth lies “Chimbak,” a trading station, where Dr. Gussfeldt rested and recruited strength for a month.  Thence he went leisurely up stream to the Bumina Rapids, and found the easterly rhumb of the river bending to the N.E. and the N.N.E.; its channel did not exceed 50 yards in width, and precipitous rock-walls rose on either hand.  At Bumina as at Gotu the Quillu breaks through the parallel lines of Ghats, whose trend is from N.W. to S.E.; in fact, these “Katarakten” are the Yellalas of the Congo.  A march of four hours brought him to the Mayombe country (circ.  S. Lat. 4deg.), which must not be confounded with the Ma-yumba or northernmost possession of the Congo kingdom; the latter word properly means “King of Yumba,” as Ma-Loango is Mwani-Loango.  The Mayombe chief proved friendly, and assisted Dr. Gussfeldt to hire bearers (November 7) for Yangela, where his excursion ended.  The boundary-line is marked by a large gate, like the two openings in the wooden wall denoting the Loango frontier between the Quillu and Luema rivers.  The character of the country changed to the normal park-like aspect of Africa above the Ghats; the dense forests waxed thin; picturesque views presented themselves, reminding the wayfarer of Switzerland; and bare, dome-shaped mountains formed the background.  At Nsunsi, about 2,100 feet above sea-level, the eye ranged over the Yangela country, as far as the land of the Batetye, whose grassy plains are traversed by ranges trending to the W.S.W., and apparently culminating to the south.  At the Tondo village the skull of a gorilla was remarked.  The upper Quillu, after its great bend, proved to be 350 to 400 paces broad; and the traveller ascertained that, instead of being connected with the great artery, it rises in a lake nearly due north of Nsundi (Sundi), near the country of the Babongo and the Babum.  Dr. Gussfeldt returned to the coast on December 2, and prepared for the great march into the interior.

Dr. Falkenstein, the medicus and zoologist, in November 1873 reported favourably of Chinxoxo.  The station is situated on a hilly ridge commanding a view of the sea.  “It looks imposing enough, but it would produce more effect if we could hoist the German flag, as the other establishments here do those of their respective nations.  German ships would then take home news of the progress of our undertaking, and the natives would see at a distance this token of the enterprising spirit of the German nation, and come to us with provisions and other natural products.”