The execution of Louis, in January, 1793, greatly increased the attachment which was now felt in this locality to his family.  In Nantes and Angers, in Saumur, Thouars, and other towns in which the presence of Republican forces commanded the adhesion of the inhabitants this event was commemorated by illuminations, but this very show of joy at so cruel a murder, more than the murder itself, acerbated the feelings both of the gentry and the peasants.  They were given to understand that those who wished well to their country were now expected to show some sign of gratitude for what the blessed revolution had done for them—­that those who desired to stand well with the Republic should rejoice openly at their deliverance from thraldom.  In fact, those who lived in large towns, and who would not illuminate, were to be marked men—­marked as secret friends to the monarchy—­as inveterate foes to the Republic—­and they were told that they were to be treated accordingly.  Men then began to congregate in numbers round the churches, and in the village squares, and to ask each other whether they had better not act as enemies, if they were to be considered as enemies; to complain of their increasing poverty and diminished comfort; and to long for the coming time, when the King should enjoy his own again.

The feeling with the country gentry was very generally the same as with the peasantry, though hitherto they had openly expressed no opposition to the ruling Government.  They had, however, been always elected to those situations which the leaders of the revolution had wished the people to fill exclusively with persons from their own ranks.  They were chosen as mayors in the small towns, and were always requested to act as officers in the corps of the National Guards, which were formed in this, as in every other district of France.  On this account the peculiar ill-will of the Republican Government was directed against them.  In France, at that time, political inactivity was an impossibility.  Revolt against the Republic, or active participation in its measures, was the only choice left to those who did not choose to fly their country, and many of the seigneurs of Anjou and Poitou would not adopt the latter alternative.

In March, the Commissaries of the Republic entered these provinces to collect from that district, its portion towards the levy of three hundred thousand men which had been ordered by the Convention.  This was an intolerable grievance—­it was not to be borne, that so many of their youths should be forcibly dragged away to fight the battles of the Republic—­battles in which they would rather that the Republic should be worsted.  Besides, every one would lose a relative, a friend, or a lover; the decree affected every individual in the district.  The peasants declared that they would not obey the orders of the Convention—­that they would not fight the battles of the Republic.