But all these memberships, after all, are only voluntary ones, not involuntary.  They are assumed by man himself—­the worldly associations on the ground of mutual interest; the spiritual associations on that of identity of opinions.  They are not instituted by God, and nature, and fact, whether the man knows of them or not, likes them or not.  They are of the nature of clubs, not of citizenship.  They are not founded on that human ground which is, by virtue of the Incarnation, the most divine ground of all.  And for the many they do not exist.  The majority of small shopkeepers, and the majority of labourers too, are members, as far as they are aware, of nothing, unless it be a club at some neighbouring public-house.  The old feudal and burgher bonds of the Middle Age, for good or for evil, have perished by natural and necessary decay; and nothing has taken their place.  Each man is growing up more and more isolated; tempted to selfishness, to brutal independence; tempted to regard his fellow-men as rivals in the struggle for existence; tempted, in short, to incivism, to a loss of the very soul and marrow of civilization, while the outward results of it remain; and therefore tempted to a loss of patriotism, of the belief that he possesses here something far more precious than his private fortune, or even his family; even a country for which he must sacrifice, if need be, himself.  And if that grow to be the general temper of England, or of London, in some great day of the Lord, some crisis of perplexity, want, or danger,—­then may the Lord have mercy upon this land; for it will have no mercy on itself:  but divided, suspicious, heartless, cynical, unpatriotic, each class, even each family, even each individual man, will run each his own way, minding his own interest or safety; content, like the debased Jews, if he can find the life of his hand; and:-

’Too happy if, in that dread day,
His life he given him for a prey.’

Our fathers saw that happen throughout half Europe, at a crisis when, while the outward crust of civilization was still kept up, the life of it, all patriotism, corporate feeling, duty to a common God, and faith in a common Saviour, had rotted out unperceived.  At one blow the gay idol fell, and broke; and behold, inside was not a soul, but dust.  God grant that we may never see here the same catastrophe, the same disgrace.

Now, one remedy—­I do not say the only remedy—­there are no such things as panaceas; all spiritual and social diseases are complicated, and their remedies must be complicated likewise—­but one remedy, palpable, easy, and useful, whenever and wherever it has been tried, is this—­to go to these great masses of brave, honest, industrious, but isolated and uncivilized men, after the method of the Bishop of this diocese, and his fund; and to say to them,—­’Of whatever body you are, or are not members, you are members of that human family for which our Lord Jesus Christ was contented to be betrayed, and to suffer