Fig. 102.  Acacia retinoides:  circumnutation of a young phyllode, traced from 10.45 A.M.  July 18th to 8.15 A.M. 19th.  Apex of phyllode 9 inches from the vertical glass; temp. 16 1/2o — 17 1/2o C.

(11.) Lupinus speciosus (Leguminosae).—­Plants were raised from seed purchased under this name.  This is one of the species in this large genus, the leaves of which do not sleep at night.  The petioles rise direct from the ground, and are from 5 to 7 inches in length.  A filament was fixed to the midrib of one of the longer leaflets, and the movement of the whole leaf was traced, as shown in Fig. 103.  In the course of 6 h. 30 m. the filament went four times up and three times down.  A new tracing was then begun (not here given), and during 12 ½ h. the leaf moved eight times up and seven times down; so that it described 7 ½ ellipses in this time, and this is an extraordinary rate of movement.  The summit of the petiole was then secured to a stick, and the separate leaflets were found to be continually circumnutating.

Fig. 103.  Lupinus speciosus:  circumnutation of leaf, traced on vertical glass, from 10.15 A.M. to 5.45 P.M.; i.e., during 6 h. 30 m. [page 237]

(12.) Echeveria stolonifera (Crassulaceae, Fam. 84).—­The older leaves of this plant are so thick and fleshy, and the young ones so short and broad, that it seemed very improbable that any circumnutation could be detected.  A filament was fixed to a young upwardly inclined leaf, .75 inch in length and .28 in breadth, which stood on the outside of a terminal rosette of leaves, produced by a plant growing very vigorously.  Its movement was traced during 3 days, as here shown (Fig. 104).  The course was chiefly in an upward direction, and this may be attributed to the elongation of the leaf through growth; but we see that the lines are strongly zigzag, and that occasionally there was distinct circumnutation, though on a very small scale.

Fig. 104.  Echeveria stolonifera:  circumnutation of leaf, traced from 8.20 A.M.  June 25th to 8.45 A.M. 28th.  Apex of leaf 12 1/4 inches from the glass, so that the movement was much magnified; temp. 23o — 24 1/2o C. (13.) Bryophyllum (vel Calanchae) calycinum (Crassulaceae).—­Duval-Jouve (’Bull.  Soc.  Bot. de France,’ Feb. 14th, 1868) measured the distance between the tips of the upper pair of leaves on this plant, with the result shown in the following Table.  It should be noted that the measurements on Dec. 2nd were made on a different pair of leaves:  —­

8 A.M.      2 P.M.      7 P.M. 
Nov. 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 mm.. . . . . .25 mm. . . ..
. . .(?)
"     19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48  " . . . . . . .  60 “. .
. . . . .  48 mm. 
Dec.   2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22  “. . . . . . . . 43 “. . .
. . . . .28  "

We see from this Table that the leaves stood considerably further apart at 2 P.M. than at either 8 A.M. or 7 P.M.; and this shows that they rise a little in the evening and fall or open in the forenoon.