And, in spite of everything, Alba’s harshness had been futile.

Then Philip recalled him and put in his place the gentle Don Luis de Requesens, who had been governor in Milan.  He would willingly have made peace with the people bleeding from a thousand wounds, but how could he concede the toleration of the heretical faith and the withdrawal of the troops on which he relied?  And how did the rebels show their gratitude to him for his kindness and good will?

The Beggars destroyed his fleet, and, though the brother of William of Orange had been defeated upon the Mooker-Heide, this by no means disheartened the enraged nation, resolved upon extremes, and their silent but wise and tireless leader.

In Leyden the obstinacy of the foes of the King and the Church showed itself in a way to which even Barbara and her party could not deny a certain degree of admiration.  True, the nature of the country aided the rebels like an ally.  Mortal warriors could not contend against wind and storm.  But he who from without directed the defence here, who had issued the order to break through the dikes, and then with shameful effrontery had founded in the scarcely rescued city a university which was to nurture the spirit of resistance in the minds of the young men, was again the Prince of Orange; and who else than he, his shrewdness and firmness, robbed Requesens of gratitude for his mildness and the success of his honest labours?

But how much easier was the part of the leader of the enemy, who in Brussels had escaped the fate of Egmont, than the King’s kindly disposed governor!  When Barbara chanced to hear the men of the people talking with each other, and they spoke of “Father William,” they meant the Prince of Orange; and with what abuse, both verbally and in handbills, King Philip and the Spanish Government were loaded!

To Barbara, as well as to the members of her party, William of Orange, whom she often heard called the “Antichrist” and “rebel chief,” was an object of hatred.  Now he frustrated the kind Requesens’s attempt at mediation, and it was also his fault that two provinces had publicly revolted from the Holy Church.  The Protestant worship of God was now exercised as freely there as in Ratisbon.  Like William of Orange, most of the citizens professed the doctrine of Calvin, but there was no lack of Lutherans, and the clergyman whose sermons attracted the largest congregations was Erasmus Eckhart, Barbara’s old acquaintance, Dr. Hiltner’s foster-son, who during the Emperor Charles’s reign had come to the Netherlands as an army chaplain, and, amid great perils, was said to have lured thousands from the Catholic Church.  Deeply as her sentiments rebelled, here, too, Barbara had become his preserver; for when the Bloody Council had sentenced him to the gallows, she had succeeded, with great difficulty, through her manifold relations to the heads of the Spanish party, in obtaining his pardon.  A grateful letter from Frau Sabina Hiltner had abundantly repaid her for these exertions.