and contentment, and not distaste or repining;”
the third, “That we do not presume by the contemplation
of Nature to attain to the mysteries of God.”
For as touching the first of these, Solomon doth
excellently expound himself in another place of the
same book, where he saith: “I saw well
that knowledge recedeth as far from ignorance as light
doth from darkness; and that the wise man’s eyes
keep watch in his head, whereas this fool roundeth
about in darkness: but withal I learned that
the same mortality involveth them both.”
And for the second, certain it is there is no vexation
or anxiety of mind which resulteth from knowledge
otherwise than merely by accident; for all knowledge
and wonder (which is the seed of knowledge) is an
impression of pleasure in itself; but when men fall
to framing conclusions out of their knowledge, applying
it to their particular, and ministering to themselves
thereby weak fears or vast desires, there groweth
that carefulness and trouble of mind which is spoken
of; for then knowledge is no more Lumen siccum, whereof
Heraclitus the profound said, Lumen siccum optima anima;
but it becometh Lumen madidum, or maceratum, being
steeped and infused in the humours of the affections.
And as for the third point, it deserveth to be a
little stood upon, and not to be lightly passed over;
for if any man shall think by view and inquiry into
these sensible and material things to attain that
light, whereby he may reveal unto himself the nature
or will of God, then, indeed, is he spoiled by vain
philosophy; for the contemplation of God’s creatures
and works produceth (having regard to the works and
creatures themselves) knowledge, but having regard
to God no perfect knowledge, but wonder, which is
broken knowledge. And, therefore, it was most
aptly said by one of Plato’s school, “That
the sense of man carrieth a resemblance with the sun,
which (as we see) openeth and revealeth all the terrestrial
globe; but then, again, it obscureth and concealeth
the stars and celestial globe: so doth the sense
discover natural things, but it darkeneth and shutteth
up divine.” And hence it is true that
it hath proceeded, that divers great learned men have
been heretical, whilst they have sought to fly up
to the secrets of the Deity by this waxen wings of
the senses. And as for the conceit that too
much knowledge should incline a man to atheism, and
that the ignorance of second causes should make a
more devout dependence upon God, which is the first
cause; first, it is good to ask the question which
Job asked of his friends: “Will you lie
for God, as one man will lie for another, to gratify
him?” For certain it is that God worketh nothing
in Nature but by second causes; and if they would
have it otherwise believed, it is mere imposture,
as it were in favour towards God, and nothing else
but to offer to the Author of truth the unclean sacrifice
of a lie. But further, it is an assured truth,
and a conclusion of experience, that a little or superficial