At length the immense host, numbering more than 800,000 fighting men, departed in separate divisions, and reached the Syrian desert in two months.  Here they were met by the Arabian tribes whom Phanes had propitiated—­the Amalekites and Geshurites—­bringing camels and horses laden with water for the host.

At Accho, in the land of the Canaanites, the fleets of the Syrians, Phoenicians and Ionians belonging to Persia, and the auxiliary ships from Cyprus and Samos, won by the efforts of Phanes, were assembled.  The case of the Samian fleet was a remarkable one.  Polykrates saw in Cambyses’ proposal a favorable opportunity of getting rid of all the citizens who were discontented with his government, manned forty triremes with eight thousand malcontent Samians, and sent them to the Persians with the request that not one might be allowed to return home.—­[Herod.  III. 44.]

As soon as Phanes heard this he warned the doomed men, who at once, instead of sailing to join the Persian forces, returned to Samos and attempted to overthrow Polykrates.  They were defeated, however, on land, and escaped to Sparta to ask help against the tyrant.

A full month before the time of the inundation, the Persian and Egyptian armies were standing face to face near Pelusium on the north-east coast of the Delta.

Phanes’ arrangements had proved excellent.  The Arabian tribes had kept faith so well that the journey through the desert, which would usually have cost thousands of lives, had been attended with very little loss, and the time of year had been so well chosen that the Persian troops reached Egypt by dry roads and without inconvenience.

The king met his Greek friend with every mark of distinction, and returned a friendly nod when Phanes said:  “I hear that you have been less cheerful than usual since the death of your beautiful bride.  A woman’s grief passes in stormy and violent complaint, but the sterner character of a man cannot so soon be comforted.  I know what you feel, for I have lost my dearest too.  Let us both praise the gods for granting us the best remedy for our grief—­war and revenge.”  Phanes accompanied the king to an inspection of the troops and to the evening revel.  It was marvellous to see the influence he exercised over this fierce spirit, and how calm—­nay even cheerful—­Cambyses became, when the Athenian was near.

The Egyptian army was by no means contemptible, even when compared with the immense Persian hosts.  Its position was covered on the right by the walls of Pelusium, a frontier fortress designed by the Egyptian kings as a defence against incursions from the east.  The Persians were assured by deserters that the Egyptian army numbered altogether nearly six hundred thousand men.  Beside a great number of chariots of war, thirty thousand Karian and Ionian mercenaries, and the corps of the Mazai, two hundred and fifty thousand Kalasirians, one hundred and sixty thousand Hermotybians, twenty thousand horsemen, and auxiliary troops, amounting to more than fifty thousand, were assembled under Psamtik’s banner; amongst these last the Libyan Maschawascha were remarkable for their military deeds, and the Ethiopians for their numerical superiority.