must be inoperative, and the advantages of civilization incommunicable.  I cannot acquiesce in the theory that they are incapable of improvement, and that their extinction before the advance of the white settler is a necessity which it is impossible to control.  I recommend them to your protection and favourable consideration with the greatest earnestness, but at the same time with perfect confidence:  and I assure you that I shall be willing and anxious to co-operate with you in any arrangement for their civilization which may hold out a fair prospect of success.

“I have, etc. “(signed) “Stanley.”

* * * * *

Explanation of the plates of native ornaments, weapons, implements, and works of industry.

PLATE I.—­ORNAMENTS.

1.  Ku-ru-un-ko—­tuft of emu feathers used in the play spoken of, page 228. 2.  Three tufts of feathers tied in a bunch, with two kangaroo teeth, worn tied to the hair. 3.  Tufts of feathers, used as a flag or signal, elevated on a spear; similar ones are worn by the males, of eagle or emu feathers over the pubes. 4.  Let-ter-rer—­kangaroo teeth worn tied to the hair of young males and females after the ceremonies of initiation. 5 and 6.  Coverings for the pubes, worn by females, one is of fur string in threads, the other of skins cut in strips. 7.  Tufts of white feathers worn round the neck. 8.  Tufts of feathers stained red, worn round the neck. 9.  Tufts of feathers stained red, with two kangaroo teeth to each tuft, also worn round the neck. 10.  A piece of bone worn through the septum nasi. 11.  Tufts of feathers worn round the neck, one is black, the other stained red. 12.  Tufts of feathers stained red, with four kangaroo teeth in a bunch, worn round the neck. 13.  Necklace of reeds cut in short lengths. 14.  Band for forehead, feathers and swan’s-down. 15.  Man-ga—­band for forehead, a coil of string made of opossum fur. 16.  Mona—­net cap to confine the hair of young men of opossum fur. 17.  Korno—­widow’s mourning cap made of carbonate of lime, moulded to the head, weight 8 1/2lbs. 18.  Dog’s-tail, worn as an appendage to the beard, which is gathered together and tied in a pigtail.

PLATE II.—­WEAPONS.

1.  Spear barbed on both sides, of hard wood, 10 1/2 feet long, used in war or hunting. 2.  Similar to the last but only barbed on one side, used for same purposes. 3.  Kar-ku-ru—­smooth spear of hard wood, 10 1/2 feet, used for punishments, as described page 222, also for general purposes. 4.  Short, smooth, hard wood spear, 7 1/2 feet long, used to spear fish in diving. 5.  Reed spear with barbed hard wood point, used for war with the throwing stick—­the way of holding it, and position of the hand are shewn. 6.  Hard wood spear with grass-tree end, 8 feet long, used with the