in their differences, and that their interests were
incompatible with each other, whereas, in truth, the
difference lay only in the fashion of their hats.
Wild, therefore, having assembled them all at an alehouse
on the night after Fierce’s execution, and,
perceiving evident marks of their misunderstanding,
from their behaviour to each other, addressed them
in the following gentle, but forcible manner:
[Footnote: There is something very mysterious
in this speech, which probably that chapter written
by Aristotle on this subject, which is mentioned by
a French author, might have given some light into;
but that is unhappily among the lost works of that
philosopher. It is remarkable that galerus, which
is Latin for a hat, signifies likewise a dog-fish,
as the Greek word kuneae doth the skin of that animal;
of which I suppose the hats or helmets of the ancients
were composed, as ours at present are of the beaver
or rabbit. Sophocles, in the latter end of his
Ajax, alludes to a method of cheating in hats, and
the scholiast on the place tells us of one Crephontes,
who was a master of the art. It is observable
likewise that Achilles, in the first Iliad of Homer,
tells Agamemnon, in anger, that he had dog’s
eyes. Now, as the eyes of a dog are handsomer
than those of almost any other animal, this could
be no term of reproach. He must therefore mean
that he had a hat on, which, perhaps, from the creature
it was made of, or from some other reason, might have
been a mark of infamy. This superstitious opinion
may account for that custom, which hath descended
through all nations, of shewing respect by pulling
off this covering, and that no man is esteemed fit
to converse with his superiors with it on. I
shall conclude this learned note with remarking that
the term old hat is at present used by the vulgar
in no very honourable sense.]—“Gentlemen,
I am ashamed to see men embarked in so great and glorious
an undertaking, as that of robbing the public, so
foolishly and weakly dissenting among themselves.
Do you think the first inventors of hats, or at least
of the distinctions between them, really conceived
that one form of hats should inspire a man with divinity,
another with law, another with learning, or another
with bravery? No, they meant no more by these
outward signs than to impose on the vulgar, and, instead
of putting great men to the trouble of acquiring or
maintaining the substance, to make it sufficient that
they condescend to wear the type or shadow of it.
You do wisely, therefore, when in a crowd, to amuse
the mob by quarrels on such accounts, that while they
are listening to your jargon you may with the greater
ease and safety pick their pockets: but surely
to be in earnest, and privately to keep up such a
ridiculous contention among yourselves, must argue
the highest folly and absurdity. When you know
you are all prigs, what difference can a broad
or a narrow brim create? Is a prig less a prig
in one hat than in another? If the public should