“May 25.—­In middle watch felt pressure occasionally.  Twilight showed a scene of chaos all around; one floe about three feet in thickness had upended, driven under ship on port quarter.  As far as can be seen there are heavy blocks of ice screwed up on end, and the scene is like a graveyard.  I think swell must have come up under ice from seaward (north-east), McMurdo Sound, and broken the ice, which afterwards started to move under the influence of the blizzard.  Hardly think swell came from the Sound, as the cracks were wending from north-west to south-east, and also as the Sound should be getting icebound by now.  If swell came from north-east then there is open water not far away.  I should like to know.  I believe the Ross Sea is rarely entirely ice-covered.  Have bright moonlight now, which accentuates everything—­the beauty and loneliness of our surroundings, and uselessness of ourselves, while in this prison:  so near to Cape Evans and yet we might as well be anywhere as here.  Have made our sledging-ration scales, and crew are busy making harness and getting sledging equipment ready for emergencies.  Temperature -30° Fahr.

“May 26.—­If the ship is nipped in the ice, the ship’s company (eighteen hands) will take to four sledges with one month’s rations and make for nearest land.  Six men and one sledge will endeavour to make Cape Evans via the western land, Butler Point, Hut Point, etc.  The remaining twelve will come along with all possible speed, but no forced marches, killing and depot-ing penguins and seals for emergency retreats.  If the ship remains here and makes no further drift to the north, towards latter end of July light will be making.  The sun returns August 23.  The sea-ice should be fairly safe, and a party of three, with one month’s rations, will proceed to Cape Evans.  If the ice sets north and takes the ship clear of land, we will proceed to New Zealand, bunker, get extra officer and four volunteers, provisions, etc., push south with all speed to the Barrier, put party on to the Barrier, about two miles east of Cape Crozier, and land all necessary stores and requirements.  The ship will stand off until able to reach Cape Evans.  If necessary, party will depot all stores possible at Corner Camp and go on to Cape Evans.  If worst has happened my party will lay out the depot at the Beardmore for Shackleton.  If the ship is released from the ice after September we must endeavour to reach Cape Evans before going north to bunker.  We have not enough coal to hang about the Sound for many days.

“May 28.—­By the position obtained by meridian altitude of stars and bearing of Mount Melbourne, we have drifted thirty-six miles north-east from last bearings taken on 23rd inst.  The most of this must have been during the blizzard of the 24th.  Mount Melbourne is one hundred and eleven miles due north of us, and there is some doubt in my mind as to whether the peak which we can see is this mountain.  There may be a mirage....  In the evening had the football out on the ice by the light of a beautiful moon.  The exercise and break from routine are a splendid tonic.  Ice-noises sent all hands on board.